EditorialEditorial

Karel Cvachovec

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(3):141  

Antifungal therapy in the ITU/HDU setting in the Czech Republic: Prospective, observational studyIntensive Care Medicine - Original Paper

V. Černý, N. Mallátová, M. Matějovič, I. Novák, P. Sklienka

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(3):142-148  

This prospective, questionnaire, observational study collected data on 123 patients in whom antifungal therapy was commenced during the observed month. Total 116 patients from 23 Czech Republic ITU/HDUs were included in the analysis. The most frequent indication for antifungal therapy was pre-emptive treatment (73 patients). Targeted antifungal therapy was used in 20 patients. The most commonly cited reasons for commencing antifungal therapy were urinary catheter, central venous catheter, invasive airway management, total parenteral nutrition, mechanical ventilation and broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy. The most frequently used initial antifungal...

Pleural effusion in intensive careIntesive Care Medicine - Review Article

J. Máca, F. Burša

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(3):149-161  

Pleural effusion (fluidothorax) is characterized by the presence of excessive amount of fluid in the pleural space caused by various pathological clinical conditions. Pleural effusion leads to increased morbidity and adversely affects the prognosis and clinical outcome of critically ill patients in the intensive care setting. Early recognition of pleural effusion and diagnosis of the causal factors belong to the standard components of its management in intensive care. Diagnosis is usually made by chest X-ray and computer tomography followed by pleural aspiration. Nowadays, chest ultrasonography has become an invaluable diagnostic tool. Moreover, it...

Tracheal damage as a consequence of percutaneous dilatation tracheostomy - case reports and review of literatureIntesive Care Medicine - Case Report

B. Uhliarová, P. Hanzel, A. Hajtman

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(3):162-169  

Percutaneous dilatation tracheostomy (PDT) is mostly performed in critically ill patients on intensive care units. The authors describe two cases of tracheal damage following PDT. Haemorrhage requiring surgical treatment with later unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy and persisting tracheal perforation occurred in one patient. Severe tracheal stenosis after PDT developed in another patient. The authors discuss the risks and benefits of standard surgical tracheostomy and PDT. Treatment options for the management of complications such as tracheo-cutaneous fistula, tracheomalacia and tracheal stenosis are mentioned.

Fifty-five year old man with thrombocytopaenia and life threatening diffuse alveolar haemorrhage. Case reportIntesive Care Medicine - Case Report

T. Karvunidis, M. Harazim, J. Raděj, P. Salaj, J. Horák, I. Novák, M. Matějovič

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(3):170-176  

This case report presents a patient with acute respiratory failure due to life-threatening haemoptysis resulting from severe and refractory thrombocytopenia. It presents the diagnostics, differential diagnostics and management of such illness.

The physician and criminal law I - legal proceedingsEthics and Medicine Law

I. Piňos

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(3):177-180  

The article describes the usual reasons for prosecution in medical cases, stages of prosecution, the role of forensic medical experts, types of alternative modes of prosecution, phases of typical judicial proceeding, judgment and sentence, the appeal process and other remedies.

Echocardiographic examination in mitral valve diseaseEchodidaktika - postgraduální vzdělávání

J. Kunstýř, H. Línková

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(3):181-186  

Mitral valve disease plays an important role in the aetiology of cardiac failure. It may present as a serious, life-threatening condition necessitating intensive care. Echocardiography is one of the most important diagnostic tools, nowadays widely used not only by cardiologists but also by anaesthetists and intensivists. The authors present basic echocardiographic methods used in patients with mitral valve disease.

The role of simulation in the evolution of anaesthesia and intensive care medicinePostgraduate education

M. Stern

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(3):187-190  

How can clinicians master the treatment of complicated medical conditions without exposing patients to risk? How can we assess the ability of physicians and teams when each patient and doctor is different, when there are many conditions and yet more combinations? These and similar issues have led to the development of medical simulation. The inspiration for the creation of this part of medicine has come from the airline, military and aerospace industry. The aim of simulation is the development of non-technical skills (e.g. communication) of individuals and the team. A unique opportunity for self-reflection (the simulator does not die) is an opportunity...

Když srdce tančí paso doblePostgraduate education - Selected Topics in Clinical Physiology

K. Škarvan

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(3):191-194  

Perioperační péče o pacienty s diabetes mellitusPostgraduate Education - Topics for Board Examination

V. Černý

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(3):195-196  

Arytmie s vysokým rizikem tromboembolismu. Fibrilace síní a flutter síní - častý mezioborový problémPostgraduální vzdělávání - EKG v klinické praxi

J. Jakabčin

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(3):197-200  

Národní implementace konceptu "Enhanced Recovery after Surgery" (ERAS) v České republiceNews from CSARIM

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(3):201