Slovo vedoucího redaktoraEditorial

Milan Adamus

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(4):205-206  

Specifics of interventional bronchology from the anaesthetic perspectiveAnaesthesiology - Review articles

P. Michálek, J. Závada, T. Brožek

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(4):207-213  

Modern interventional bronchology covers a wide range of various endotracheal, endobronchial and pleuroscopic procedures. Patients often present with the syndrome of central airway obstruction from external or internal causes. Anaesthesia for interventional bronchology procedures has its specific features including sharing the airways with the surgeon who is using a rigid bronchoscope, application of jet ventilation and employment of total intravenous anaesthesia using short-acting anaesthetic agents. Selective lung ventilation is required for pleuroscopic procedures. Bronchologic procedures may be associated with acute life-threatening complications...

Postoperative nausea and vomiting in childrenAnaesthesiology - Review articles

M. Frelich, J. Divák, R. Kula

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(4):214-221  

Prevention and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and pain relief belong among the basic pillars of postoperative care in paediatric patients. The precise incidence of PONV in children remains unknown, however it is estimated that the occurrence is double compared to the adult population. According to literature, the incidence of PONV in the paediatric population is 9-42%. The risk factors and predispositions are different from adult patients. The PONV consequences include higher perioperative morbidity (surgical wound dehiscence, bleeding, dehydration, etc.), increased length of stay in the post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU) and...

Update on CPR in the obstetric patientAnaesthesiology - Review articles

P. Nosková, J. Bláha, R. Klozová, D. Seidlová, P. Štourač

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(4):222-225  

This article is a brief overview focusing on substantial practical changes concerning the resuscitation of pregnant women and newborns based on new guidelines for resuscitation. It was published by the European Resuscitation Council (European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation) in 2015.

Biomarkery akutního poškození ledvin - pohled za oponuEditorial

M. Matějovič

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(4):226-227  

A few comments by clinical biochemists on acute kidney injuryIntesive Care Medicine - Special Article

A. Jabor, J. Franeková

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(4):228-236  

This review paper addresses the definition of acute kidney injury and other related nosologic units, criteria of function, and the RIFLE and AKIN classifications. The new clinical unit called subclinical acute kidney injury as well as kidney damage biomarkers are also focused on. Difficulties related to the examination of the kidney function - together with suggested solutions - are dealt with, e. g. the issue of measuring and estimating glomerular filtration rate (GFR), the issue of comparability and traceability of creatinine, urea, and cystatin C measurements in the serum, the issue of comparability of different estimated GFR values including the...

Is morphine still indicated for the management of cardiogenic pulmonary oedema?Intesive Care Medicine - Special Article

R. Škulec, K. Kučera, J. Callerová, J. Knor, P. Merhaut, V. Černý

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(4):237-242  

Morphine has been one of the cornerstones of the emergency pharmacological management of acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema (CPE). However, there is only minimal evidence-based support for this strategy and some studies suggest that its administration might be associated with increased risk of need of mechanical ventilation and with higher mortality. Thus, we decided to evaluate the current knowledge on the use of morphine in the treatment of CPE, and assess the pros and cons of its use in the emergency clinical setting. At present there is no reliable evidence either supporting or rejecting the use of morphine in CPE. Therefore we conclude that morphine...

Metformin-associated lactic acidosisIntesive Care Medicine - Case Report

T. Karvunidis, M. Harazim, J. Raděj, I. Novák, J. Horák, M. Matějovič

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(4):243-251  

This review summarizes the issue of metformin-associated lactic acidosis based on three case reports of patients with a significant haemodynamic alteration - severe circulatory shock associated with lactic acidosis.

Non-opioid analgesics in the treatment of acute postoperative painLéčba bolesti - přehledový článek

T. Gabrhelík, M. Pieran, J. Lejčko

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(4):252-258  

Pain management is an essential part of perioperative care in every patient. There is a whole range of analgesics and techniques to accomplish appropriate postoperative pain management with low risk of side effects. Balanced analgesia and procedure-specific analgesia are the recommended methods. Non-opioid analgesics are the pillar stones of postoperative pain management. Their correct application improves the efficacy and safety of analgesic procedures in our clinical practice.

Rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) in the management of perioperative haemorrhagePostgraduate education

M. Durila

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(4):259-266  

Rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) is currently increasingly used in the management of perioperative bleeding. As a bed-side test it replaces conventional coagulation tests in this situation and allows to provide targeted treatment of the coagulopathy, leading to reduced bleeding and reduced administration of transfusion products.This article describes in a simple way the principle of the method, the investigated parameters, specific tests, the issue of the temperature setting and the limitations of the method. It provides an overview of the normal ranges of parameters for different age groups and for pregnant women, and explains the steps and...

Koncept stressed and unstressed volume a jeho klinický významPostgraduate education - Selected Topics in Clinical Physiology

V. Černý

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(4):267-268  

Doporučení pro léčbu akutního selhání pravé komoryPostgraduate education

V. Černý

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(4):269-270  

Zajímavosti, tipy a trikyZajímavosti, tipy a triky

V. Černý

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(4):270  

Perioperační management u pacientů s kardiostimulátoremPostgraduate Education - Topics for Board Examination

V. Černý

Anest. intenziv. Med. 2016;27(4):271-274