Anesteziologie a intenzivní medicína, 2003 (vol. 14), issue 1
Levobupivacaine - a New Local Anaesthetic for Epidural Analgesia/Anaesthesia in ObstetricsArticles
A. Pařízek
Anest. intenziv. Med. 2003;14(1):7-10
Objective:In a prospective randomized study, we compared the effects of epidural analgesia on the course of labour, whereone group of women was administered 0.125% bupivacaine and sufentanil, and the other group of women 0.125%levobupivacaine and sufentanil.Design: Randomized controlled trial.Setting: Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague.Material and Methods: Epidural analgesia was administered under commonly used obstetric conditions. The substancesused for epidural analgesia were administered fractionally in both groups. Analgesia during labour was always performedin the same manner....
Quality of Paediatric Intensive Care in the Czech RepublicArticles
M. Fedora, J. Biolek, L. Brož
Anest. intenziv. Med. 2003;14(1):11-15
Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the severity of illness of children admitted to paediatric intensive care unitsin the Czech Republic and to evaluate mortality, predicted mortality and their ratio (SMR - Standardized Mortality Ratio).Design: Prospective observational multicentre study between January 1, 2001 and January 1, 2002.Setting: Eleven paediatric intensive care units in the Czech Republic.Material and Methods: All children admitted to the paediatric intensive care units of involved hospitals during 2001 wereenrolled. The admission PRISM score was calculated in all children. A predicted mortality was determined and...
Relationship between Selenium and Desmopressin Therapy of a Kidney Donor and the Prognosisof the TransplantArticles
O. Pavlínek, H. Živná, P. Živný, P. Navrátil, V. Černý, E. Pokorná
Anest. intenziv. Med. 2003;14(1):16-20
Objective:The aim of study was to assess the relationship between the plasma selenium concentration in cadaveric kidneydonors and graft function in recipients and between therapy by desmopressin of cadaveric kidney donors and graft functionin recipients in the early stage after the transplantation.Design: Prospective study.Setting: Dept. of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Hradec Králové.Material and Methods: 42 donors were examined and the corresponding kidney recipients were ranged. Plasma seleniumconcentrations (Se, µmol/l) were measured in cadaveric kidney donors at the time of cerebral death diagnosis...
Long-term Outcome and Prognosis of Critical Illness PolyneuromyopathyArticles
P. Vondráček, J. Bednařík, I. Čundrle
Anest. intenziv. Med. 2003;14(1):21-25
Objective:To evaluate the long-term outcome and prognosis in critically ill patients with neuromuscular complications.Design: Prospective clinical study.Setting: ICU Department of Neurology and Dep. Anaesthesiology and ICU, University Hospital Brno-Bohunice.Material and Methods: Seventy-nine critically ill patients were enrolled and forty-eight completed a one month follow up.Selected clinical parameters were prospectively evaluated over a 28-day period. Electrophysiological studies were performedduring the first week and at the end of the follow up in order to detect signs of critical illness polyneuromyopathy(CIPM). Clinical features and...
Control of the Blood Sugar Level in Critically Ill PatientsArticles
I. Novák, M. Matějovič, R. Rokyta, jun., A. Kroužecký
Anest. intenziv. Med. 2003;14(1):26-30
Hyperglycaemia is a common finding in critically ill patients. Maintenance of normoglycaemia with intensive insulin therapyduring intensive care has been recently demonstrated to decrease mortality and morbidity. Therefore, hyperglycaemiashould no longer be considered a surrogate marker of severity of illness, but needs to be controlled aggressively. The mostimportant arguments for the implementation of intensive insulin therapy are its safety, cost-effectiveness and ease of use.
Why and How to Protect the Gastrointestinal Tract in Critically Ill PatientsArticles
M. Matějovič, R. Rokyta, jun., A. Kroužecký, I. Novák
Anest. intenziv. Med. 2003;14(1):31-36
Trauma, shock and sepsis can induce marked changes in gastrointestinal homeostasis including abnormal colonizationand impaired intestinal epithelial barrier function. Intestinal mucosal injury can activate the gut and the gut-associatedlymphatic tissue to produce cytokines and other inflammatory mediators that may contribute to distant systemic inflammationand organ dysfunction. Hence, gut dysfunction appears not only to be capable of promoting hyperinflammation andmultiorgan dysfunction but also to be a substantial target for prevention. This review summarizes new insights into the roleof the gastrointestinal tract in the genesis of systemic inflammation...
The History of Resuscitation I. (From prehistory until the end of 17th century)Articles
V. Rogozov
Anest. intenziv. Med. 2003;14(1):37-48
The development of any scientific field, its actual state of knowledge and applied skills is a very dynamic action consistingof individual events. Experience, observations and discoveries emerge and immerse either to outlast, to be quite forgottenor to be discovered again. Only a particular achieved degree of development of human society and its knowledge enablesthese items to be put together like stones into a mosaic to be yield in a new quality.Cardiopulmonary resuscitation underwent a stormy development during the last decades and this process still continues.It interferes with the majority of medical fields and its component - the basic life support...