Anest. intenziv. Med. 2023;34(2):51-60 | DOI: 10.36290/aim.2023.023

Early diagnosis of sepsis using immature forms of platelets and granulocytesReview Article

Dominik P., Fedora M.

Klinika dětské anesteziologie a resuscitace, Fakultní nemocnice Brno a Lékařská fakulta Masarykovy univerzity v Brně

Sepsis is a heterogeneous dynamic syndrome characterized by severe organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. The innate and adaptive immune response plays a key role in the response to infectious insult in the development of sepsis or septic shock, the most severe form of this nosological entity. Uncontrolled and late diagnosed infection can be fatal even in previously healthy individuals, chronic patients with comorbidities have an increased risk of developing sepsis. Critically ill patients of all ages with failure of basic life functions in intensive care units are the most at risk group. Rapid and effective diagnosis of impending septicemia is crucial for disease management and good clinical outcome. Modern medicine uses a range of diagnostic options from the ever-important and unforgettable anamnesis taking to the most sophisticated laboratory, functional or imaging methods. Biomarkers play an important aid in the early recognition of sepsis and should ideally be comprehensive for early diagnosis, prognosis, disease risk stratification and treatment. This review article notes two parameters that are inexpensive, rapidly available, and part of the routinely indicated blood count with differential blood cell budget. Immature platelet and granulocyte fractions are of interest to clinicians and researchers in the diagnosis of sepsis and in the prediction of disease severity and mortality. The following text summarizes the current knowledge about immature platelet and immature granulocyte forms, mainly in the field of sepsis in intensive care patients.

Keywords: sepsis, critically ill patient, fraction of immature platelets and granulocytes.

Received: April 6, 2023; Revised: May 23, 2023; Accepted: June 7, 2023; Prepublished online: June 21, 2023; Published: July 21, 2023  Show citation