Anesteziologie a intenzivní medicína, 2000 (vol. 11), issue 2
Block of the Ear Root and Infrapubic Block of the LimbArticles
P. Cvrček
Anest. intenziv. Med. 2000;11(2):46-48
In this article are described selected possible methods of regional anaesthesia, which ensure permanent postoperative analgesia. These methodsare the block of the ear root and the infrapubic block of the limb.
Noradrenalin as a pArt of the Renal Rescue ProtocolArticles
M. Halaj, M. Sámel, P. Malík, R. Staroň, I. Olejárová
Anest. intenziv. Med. 2000;11(2):49-53
The acute renal failure (ARF) remains still a serious problem with a high mortality rate in the ICU. All known approaches have failed in the attemptto prevent or treat ARF. Critically ill patients have impaired or absent autoregulation of renal blood flow. The renal blood flow depends in this caseon a mean arterial pressure (MAP). In this way we can influence the course of ARF. In our work we used a modificated approach to ARF, fromCordingey and Palazzo. Our approach contained:1. Reachment of optimal and sometimes of maximal effective intravascular circulating volume.2. Sustain or increase diuresis with continual infusion of diuretics.3. Sustain adequate...
Fiberoptic Intracranial Pressure MonitoringArticles
M. Bláha, P. Smetana, D. Podhorný
Anest. intenziv. Med. 2000;11(2):54-58
The principal of fiberoptic intracranial pressure monitoring is based on changing the pressure to an optical and than an electrical signal. Thissignal is analysed in the monitor to produce an ICP wave and a digital number. Complications during the insertion and monitoring are extremely rare.There is too much emphasis on technical data when they are compared to different systems. There is no valid information about different rates ofcomplications among different systems so the important thing is the price and different applications.
Retrospective Study Evaluating the Effects of High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation (HFOV) in Newborns with Respiratory Distress SyndromeArticles
V. Vobruba, P. Srnský, V. Kredba, M. Sádlo, A. Karimová, O. Černá
Anest. intenziv. Med. 2000;11(2):59-62
39 newborns with respiratory distress syndrome treated by HFOV were evaluated in a retrospective study. We sought to determine the relationshipbetween total duration of ventilation and early institution of HFOV, relationship of oxygenation indexes before HFOV and total duration of ventilationand the occurrence of early and late complications (barotrauma or dependence on FiO2 > 0.3 at 28thday of life, respectively). We did not observestatistically significant relationship in the followed parameters. Even though input oxygenation indexes were close to ECMO criteria, HFOV provedto be successful in all cases.
HFO is Efficient in Pediatric ARDSArticles
M. Fedora, M. ©eda, M. Klimovič, R. Nekvasil, P. Dominik
Anest. intenziv. Med. 2000;11(2):63-74
Objective:There were two primary outcome measures of the study: 1. To demonstrate the effect of high frequency oscillation on gas exchange inchildren with severe respiratory failure (ARDS) in whom conventional ventilation failed. 2. To try to identify patients in whom high frequency oscillationis highly suspicious to fail, bearing a high risk of subsequent death.Study design: Retrospective analysis of the set of patients.Setting: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care; ECMO Center University Children Hospital Brno.Patients: 26 patients > 1 month of age with severe hypoxemic respiratory failure and ARDS. Mean age was 3.66 years...
Prevention of Renal Dysfunction in Critically Ill PatientsArticles
R. Rokyta Jr., V. ©rámek, I. Novák, M. Matějovič, P. Hora, M. Nalos
Anest. intenziv. Med. 2000;11(2):75-79
Acute renal failure (ARF; the most severe form of renal dysfunction) in the critically ill has a high mortality rate (50O80 %) and in most cases isa part of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). The predominant cause of ARF in critically ill patients is acute tubular necrosis (ATN) dueto ischemia or nefrotoxic agents.The prevention of ARF is based on maintenance of adequate intravascular volume, cardiac output and renal perfusion pressure. The identificationand adequate monitoring of high-risk patients and the elimination of potential nefrotoxic agents is essential.We discuss the role of established pharmacological support (dopamine, diuretics,...
Plasma and Urine Cytokine Concentrations during Preoperative Period in Pediatric PatientsArticles
H. ®ivná, P. ®ivný, V. Černý, V. Palička
Anest. intenziv. Med. 2000;11(2):80-82
In our study we sought to determine the physiologic range of cytokine concentrations in plasma and urine in healthy children scheduled for differenttypes of operations. First group was constituted of children without prior history of repeated infections, scheduled for eye surgery for non-inflammatorydisease. The second group was constituted of children scheduled for elective adenotomy because of repeated upper respiratory tract infections.Demographic and hematologic data revealed no differences between groups. High concentrations of sIL-2R in urine (130.3 ± 25.9 nmol/l) and zeroconcentrations of IL-6 in both plasma and urine (ng/l) were found...
Protracted Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Patient Intoxicated with Lethal Dose of Beta-blocker SectralArticles
Z. Bergl, V. ©imeček
Anest. intenziv. Med. 2000;11(2):83-84
The authors present a case report on protracted cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a young woman, who ingested a lethal dose of Sectral in a suicidalattempt. Sectral is a selective beta-1 blocker. In spite of the extreme length of cardiac massage (4.5 hours), the patient survived.
Normovolemic Hemodilution in ChildrenArticles
M. Strnadlová, Z. Vinklárková, J. Crhová
Anest. intenziv. Med. 2000;11(2):85-87
The authors try to further improve the concept of autologous blood transfusion in perioperative care for small children who are unsuitable forplanned pre-operative blood donation for technical reasons. There are outlined indications, contraindications, necessary preoperative evaluation,monitoring, type of anesthesia, technique of donation, necessary laboratory assessment and postoperative care. The intentional normovolemichemodilution was performed in 3 children of pre-school age, mean weight 22 kilograms. The mean blood volume aspirated was 193 mililitres. Thefollowed group is small; however, it proves the applicability of the method even in pre-school...