Anest. intenziv. Med. 2025;36(5):377-383 | DOI: 10.36290/aim.2025.066

Year 2025 in review - Acute respiratory failure and lung supportReview Article

Máca J.^{1, 2}, Burša F.^{1, 2}, Sklienka P.^{1, 2}

¹ Klinika anesteziologie, resuscitace a intenzivní medicíny, Fakultní nemocnice Ostrava a Lékařská fakulta, Ostravská Univerzita v Ostravě

² Ústav fyziologie a patofyziologie, Lékařská fakulta, Ostravská univerzita v Ostravě

Several original papers on the topic of acute respiratory failure (ARF) were published in 2025, including studies that support respiratory functions through mechanical ventilation (MV) or the veno-venous form of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO). The aim of this text is to introduce readers to selected works that, according to the authors, may be of interest not only to researchers in the field but also to physicians in clinical practice. The review article is divided into several sections; the first includes randomized papers and post-hoc analysis of papers already published. The second part is devoted to large prospective observational studies and works based on registries. The final section addresses diagnostic and prognostic studies. The article search was carried out using an AI client (SciSpace). A prompt requesting the presence of human medicine articles dealing with ARF in critical care, published in high-impact journals in 2025 to date, was used. Review articles were excluded. AI ranked the searched database according to relevance from the perspective of the main topic. The next step involved standardizing the selection and finally describing the selected literature. Fifteen full-text articles were selected as sources for the paper from the original 100 results obtained.

Keywords: acute respiratory failure, intensive care medicine, artificial pulmonary ventilation, mechanical ventilation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, non­‑invasive ventilation, prone position.

Received: November 5, 2025; Revised: November 5, 2025; Accepted: December 16, 2025; Prepublished online: December 21, 2025; Published: December 22, 2025  Show citation