625
PŮVODNÍ425200011151111173233294355388
PRÁCE839200011151111174230285
/1150200011132
ORIGINAL1208200011158118151213244306367421
PAPER1654200011151107163217278
Prediction4253200974369109156175211240259304349
of7913200974468
difficult876320097456487109130167212231258
venous11513200973978124168213245
access14133200973976111151183215
in16453200971964
adults:17263200973884129148175208225
an19683200973984
analysis20693200973883122141180212231263
of23493200974468
available24343200973977116135155194240260301
scales27523200973168108127168200
and29693200973984130
a311632009738
proposal31713200974673117163209241281300
for3488320097236895
implementation36003200971986132152193260301347373413440459503549
in41663200971863
clinical4246320097365574119138175214234
practice44973200974572112148177196233273
in47873200971863
the48673200972771112
Czech49963200974783124161206
Republic52193200974384130175221241260297
8620420001114695
|343200011126
ANESTEZIOLOGIE4268040010753112155200245290342362425467527586607650
A10988040010753
INTENZIVNÍ1172804001071978123168227276296345405426
MEDICÍNA16198040010770114174195248268328382
/20468040010732
Anest21238040010753101145179208
intenziv235080400107196794137185222241282
Med.26528040010770114164180
2026;37(2):78-932852804001074487128170185230270290333355370412454482526567
/34658040010731
www.aimjournal.cz48358040010765133201214257275349367415463490539579598614654693
Prediction425860030514025938051960071481489310191162
of16378600305125215
difficult19038600305136216312408492606749828923
venous28768600305120237380506647753
access36808600305120233349468575683
in4414860030574222
adults:46878600305120257396475570678745
an42511200305120268
analysis74411200305120268393474593700778886
of168111200305125215
available194711200305120239363445525650786860977
scales297411200305103219344424541648
and367211200305121269406
a412911200305120
proposal430011200305136251380517646753878958
for4251380030589214329
implementation80513800305742834194936108139301072116712931388146715931735
in25911380030574222
clinical286413800305111187268415496610734815
practice372913800305136251375488588667781900
in4251640030574222
the6981640030595240357
Czech110616400305151264385500644
Republic180116400305156280417558692766847960
Horáčková4252030014983152197260314379446508571
K.1,2,102020300149731071118204008739559612172030014931
Doležal12722030014984153186249306370403
J.1,3,16992030014950791769204008739559618662030014931
Marková192120300149102166211275343404467
K.1,4,241220300149741072511204008739559626082030014931
Žiaran26632030014970101164210272342
M.3,5,3029203001491021343166204008739589932652030014931
Chovanec33202030014972141210271334404467522
V.6386620300149761003966204008739
1Department4252250071304532240012167118175223256292375425481513
of988224001215584
Nursing,10932240012166121153194217272328349
Faculty1463224001214893138192216249299
of1783224001215584
Health18882240012165116164188221276
Studies,2185224001214981135192215266305326
University25322240012165120143191241273314337370420
of2973224001215584
Pardubice,30782240012153100133189244300324369418438
Czech35372240012158103153198253
Republic38122240012153104161216273297320365
2Department4252380071304562370012167118175223256292375425481513
of991237001215584
Nursing,10962370012166121153194217272328349
Faculty1466237001214893138192216249299
of1786237001215584
Military18912370012181104128151184232265315
Health22272370012166116165188221276
Sciences,2524237001215095118168224269318357378
University29232370012165120143191241273314337370420
of3364237001215584
Defence,34692370012167118147198253298347367
Hradec3857237001216698147204254300
Králové,4178237001215488136160215262311331
Czech45302370012158103153199254
Republic48052370012154104161217274298321365
3Department4252510071304562500012167118175223256292375425481513
of991250001215584
Clinical1096250001215881104159182227275299
and14162500012148104160
Radiation15972500012154103159183230263286341397
Oncology,20152500012169125170224248303360407423
Pardubice24602500012153100133189243300324369418
Regional28992500012154104161184239295343366
Hospital,32862500012166121160217240274322346366
Pardubice36742500012153100132189243300324368417
Hospital,41132500012165120160216240273322345366
Czech45002500012158102152198253
Republic47742500012154105162217274298321366
4Department4252640071304562630012167118175223256292375425481513
of991263001215584
Anesthesiology10962630012161116167206240295346385408463487542599647
and17642630012148104160
Resuscitation,19452630012154105144199238283306339388420443498554575
Cannulation25412630012158106162217272295343375398453509
Centre,30712630012158107163195228278298
Pardubice33902630012153100133189244300324369418
Regional38292630012154104161184239295343366
Hospital,42172630012165120160216240273322345365
Pardubice46042630012153100133189243300324369418
Hospital,50432630012165121160216240273322345366
Czech4682760012158103153198253
Republic7432760012153104161216273297320365
5Multiscan,4252900071304552890012180136159192215254299348403424
Oncological9002890012169125170224248303360383428476500
and14212890012148103160
Radiological16022890012154102159182237261317373396441490513
Centre21372890012158106162194227277
Multiscan,24352890012180135159192215254299348403424
Pardubice,28802890012153100133189244300324369418438
Czech33392890012158103153198253
Republic36142890012153104161216273297320365
6Department4253030071304563020012167118175223256292375425481513
of991302001215584
Radiology,10963020012154102159182237261316373421437
University15543020012165120143191240273313336369419
Hospital19943020012166121160217240274322346
Hradec2361302001216598147203254299
Králové,2681302001215589137161216263312332
Cannulation30343020012158107162217272295343376399454509
Centre,35653020012158106162194227277297
Faculty3883302001214993138193216249299
of4203302001215584
Medicine43083020012181132189212257280335385
in4714302001212479
Hradec4814302001216598147203254299
Králové,5135302001215488136160215262311331
Charles4683150012158113161193217267307
University,7963150012165120143191240273313336369419435
Czech12533150012158102152198253
Republic15273150012154104162217274298321366
Objective:4253430012370129155206252288313364414437
Difficult879344001216690119151177221275298331
peripheral12273440012157108140163219275325357405428
intravenous1673344001212378110142190236285340394449488
access2178344001214893136184223262
(DIVA)2458344001212893117173229256
affects2731344001214877109159204239279
a30283440012147
substantial3093344001213993149188222270325357380427450
proportion3561344001215689143199255287323345400455
of4033344001215584
the4134344001213388138
adult42893440012148104158182214
population45213440012156112168223246294326348403458
and49973440012147102158
presents5173344001215689138177227282314354
challenges4253580012145100147171194244299355405445
for888358001212984116
both10223580012157112145200
patients12403580012157105138161211266298339
and15973580012148103159
healthcare17743580012155106154177210265309358390440
staff.2232358001213973122151183201
In2451358001212479
the2548358001213388138
Czech27043580012158102152198253
Republic,29753580012153104160216272296319364385
no33773580012156111
validated3506358001214896119142198246279328385
predictive3909358001215689139196219264299322370419
tools4346358001213387142166205
for4569358001212984116
identifying4703358001212480130186218241270321344399455
DIVA5176358001216791147203
are5397358001214880130
currently4253720012145100132165215271303326374
available.818372001214894143166189237294318368388
The12263720012149106156
aim1401372001214872155
of1575372001215584
this1678372001213388111150
study1847372001214074129185233
was20993720012174122161
to2279372001213387
identify2386372001212380130186218241270321
available2726372001214895143166190238294318369
prediction3114372001215790140197220265300323378434
scales,3567372001214085133157207247268
compare3854372001214598182239287320370
their4243372001213388138162194
characteristics,44563720012145100148181229274309359392415454488511556597618
and50933720012148103160
assess5272372001214887126177216255
the425386001213388139
feasibility585386001212979127167189246270293316349399
of1005386001215584
their1110386001213388139162195
implementation13263860012123107163187238321372427460509541564619675
in2022386001212379
clinical212238600121456891146169214262286
practice.2429386001215790138183219242286335355
Methods:4253990012381132167223278335376398
This8394000012149104126164
study1019400001213972125180227
is1262400001212361
a13404000012147
combined1404400001214496177233255309358414
methodological18344000012182131164217271327380403457512534578625648
analysis24984000012148101148170217255277315
conducted2829400001214496151206259303337385440
in3286400001212377
two33794000012133107160
phases:35554000012156110157195244282301
(1)387340000121287393
systematic3983400001213985124156204286333364386430
identification4429400001212378127181212234263288331379410432486540
and49854000012148102157
selection5158400001213988111160205239261314368
of425414001215584
DIVA530414001216691147203
prediction754414001215790139197220265300323378434
scales1208414001214085134157208247
(Web14764140012128114162219
of1716414001215584
Science1821414001214994117167223268317
and21584140012149104161
Scopus2339414001214995148205261300
databases)26604140012156104137186242291330381420445
and31264140012148103160
(2)3306414001212978104
expert3431414001215097154205238274
evaluation3726414001215097146169224272305328383438
of4185414001215584
the4290414001213388138
selected4449414001213990114164210245294352
tools4821414001213388143167206
by50484140012157103
a51724140012148
clinical524141400121446890146169214262286
expert425428001215097155206239274
panel.7204280012157105161211235256
The9964280012150106157
panel11734280012157106161211235
assessed1429428001214887126176216255306363
the1812428001213388139
content1971428001214599154187236292324
and23154280012148104160
clinical249642800121446790146169213262286
relevance2802428001213382106157204253308353402
of3224428001215584
the3329428001213388138
scales,3488428001213984133156207246267
their3776428001213388138162194
feasibility,3990428001213080128167190247270294317350399415
degree44264280012156106163196246297
of4743428001215584
subjectivity,4847428001214094151175225271306329377401434484500
and53674280012149104161
potential4254420012157113146195251283306354377
contribution823442001214599155187220243300355388411466522
to1366442001213387
practice.1475442001215689138183218241286335355
Results:4254550012357109151207233268311334
The7774560012150106157
analysis9524560012148103151175222262284324
included1294456001212378123146201258308365
the1677456001213489139
following1834456001212984108132187260283339395
predictive2247456001215790139197220265300323371420
tools:2685456001213488143167206226
A-DIVA,2929456001216293161186242298321
SAFE32684560012149109158205
Rule,34914560012154109132183203
A-DICAVE,3712456001216192161185243306357407428
EA-DIVA,41584560012149112143211236292348371
and45474560012148104160
DIVA-CP.4725456001216791147204235296349358
According51014560012162105149203236292315370426
to425470001213387
current5414700012145100132165215271304
evidence,873470001215098122179229285330379399
the1301470001213388139
first146847000121295688129163
three1659470001213388121171222
scales1909470001214085134158208248
appear21854700012148105163214262295
most25084700012184139178212
suitable2749470001213994117150199256280331
for3108470001213085118
a32544700012148
broad3331470001215790145194250
adult36104700012148105160183216
population.38554700012157113170226249297330353408464485
A-DIVA4369470001216193161186242299
demonstrates46964700012157107191246302341375408457489539578
good53034700012156111167224
predictive425484001215790140197220265300323372421
value874484001214896120175225
and11274840012148104160
external1316484001215097133182215271319342
validity,1686484001214997121143200223256306322
but20364840012157113146
focuses2210484001212984130185224274314
primarily2552484001215790114197245277301324371
on29524840012155110
firstattempt309148400121295587128162210243278328411468501
cannulation3620484001214594149204259282330363386441497
failure.4145484001212978101124179212262282
The44554840012150106156
SAFE46404840012149109157205
Rule48734840012154109132182
is5084484001212362
a51744840012148
simple5251484001213962145202226276
screening425498001214085117167218274297352408
rule851498001213388112162
based10314980012157106145195253
on13024980012155110
the1430498001213489139
most15874980012184139178212
common1817498001214599182265321376
DIVA2211498001216791147204
predictors,2433498001215790140197220265300354387428449
but29004980012157112145
lacks3063498001212472117163205
formal3287498001212984117200249272
scoring3577498001214085139171195250306
and39014980012149104161
risk408049800121325695142
stratification.4240498001213973106154187210239265310359391414469525546
A-DICAVE4804498001216192161185243306357407
is5229498001212463
a53104980012148
fast5376498001212978118151
threeitem425512001213388121170221245278327411
tool857512001213387143167
suitable1045512001214094117150199256280330
particuarly13975120012156105138174197241296344377400448
for1866512001212984117
emergency20045120012151134185218273324379424474
departments,24995120012156107164213245281364415470503543564
although3085512001214871104159215270326381
it3487512001212457
has35655120012156104143
only37295120012155110134181
been39325120012156107158214
internally4167512001212479111160193249297321344391
validated.4579512001214897120143200248280330387408
Conclusion:4255250012359114172217243299341367423481504
Although948526001216185118173228283339394
no13625260012155110
universal14925260012155110133182231264304353376
predictive1888526001215789139197220264300323371420
instrument2328526001212378117151184239322373428461
exists,2808526001215097121160194235256
the3083526001213388139
available3241526001214895143166190238294318369
tools3629526001213387143167206
provide3854526001215790145192216272322
an41965260012148103
effective4318526001215180113163209244267316365
framework4702526001212963111194245318372405452
for5174526001212984117
iden‑5310526001212480130186218
tifying42554000121335685136160215272
highrisk719540001215679135190222246285332
patients10735400012157106138161211267299340
and14355400012149104161
optimizing16185400012155112145168251275317341396452
cannulation2093540001214493148204258282330362385440496
techniques.2611540001213383128183239262318373423463484
For31185400012148102135
Czech32765400012158102152198253
healthcare,35525400012155106154177210265310359391441461
translation4036540001213365114169208231279312335390446
and45045400012148104160
validation4687540001214896120143199247280303358414
studies5123540001214073128185208258298
of5443540001215584
the425554001213388139
most5885540012183138177211
promising823554001215790145228251291313369425
tools1272554001213387142166205
for1501554001213085118
the1642554001213389139
general18055540012156106162212245294317
adult21465540012148105160183216
population23865540012157113170225249297329352407463
(A-DIVA,2873554001212888120188212268325348
SAFE32455540012149109157205
Rule,34745540012153108132182202
A-DICAVE)3700554001216192161185243306357407436
and41605540012148103160
for4344554001212984117
the4485554001213388138
oncology46475540012155111156210234289345393
population50645540012157113170226249297329352407463
(DIVA-CP)425568001212894118174231262323375401
are844568001214881131
essential,993568001215089128179234267290337361381
along1392568001214872127183239
with1649568001217397130185
the1852568001213388139
development20095680012156106154203227282339423473529561
of2588568001215584
standardized2690568001213973122177234282314370394436486544
care3252568001214493125175
algorithms3445568001214872128183216239272327411450
that3913568001213388136168
prioritize4099568001215790113168201225258281324374
ultrasound4491568001215578111143192231286341397453
guidance49625680012156111134191239294339388
and53685680012148103160
limit425582001212447130153186
“blind”632582001213692116139194251288
attempts.941582001214881116165249305339379401
Key4255980012358108157
words:5995980012375130166224265288
DIVA905599001216690146202
(Difficult1125599001212894117146179205249303327359
Intravenous1502599001212479111143191238286342396451490
Access),20105990012161104148196235274299317
implementation23455990012123106162186236319369425457505537560615670
in3033599001212378
clinical312959900121446790145168212261284
practice,3431599001215689137182217239284332352
peripheral38015990012157107140163219275325358406429
venous4248599001214897152207261300
cannulation,4566599001214593148203257280328360383438493514
prediction5097599001215790139196219263298321376431
scales,425613001214085133157207247268
ultrasound714613001215578111144192232287342397454
guidance.11896130012156111134191239294339388408
Introduction4256460015340115166227293365436493547587653726
Changes425664001075199140188237282316
in759664001071866
the843664001072876120
demographic981664001074993167215265292334384433452492
and1491664001074089138
clinical164766400107405978126145185227246
profile1911664001074977124148169188232
of2161664001074772
the2250664001072876121
contemporary2389664001073986135162205278328377405447473517
population425678001075099150199219260288308357406
are849678001074168112
fundamentally979678001072474122173214288333382410452472491532
transforming152967800107285598146180206254282357376425475
the2023678001072776121
landscape2163678001071960109159193234276326372
of2553678001074873
healthcare.2644678001074993134154183232425692001074082110154169
With614692001077495124173
increasing807692001071967109136180221255274323373
life120069200107193964108
expectancy1328692001074384135181223254296345387430
and1778692001074190140
the1938692001072877122
growing2080692001074976124190210259309
prevalence2409692001074977121163205225270319360404
of2832692001074873
chronic425706001074089116164214233274
diseases,726706001074969102147188223268302319
the1072706001072877122
number1221706001074896171221267294
of1542706001074873
patients1642706001074992120139184233261297
requiring1965706001072771122170190217237286336
repeated2328706001072670121167208236279330
blood2685706001074970119169220
sampling,425720001073479156208230250300352370
hospitalizations,8257200010749100136188209239283304324363408437458509560595613
infusion146872000107197095147182202253304
therapy,1802720001072879126155199251293306
parenteral2138720001075195123169220249294322366387
nutrition,25557200010749100130159180210231282333350
intravenous42573400107196896123166207251300350399433
administration886734001074192166186235254288318346388417436485535
of1449734001074873
medications15507340010774120171190232274302322371421455
and2033734001074190141
blood2202734001075070120170221
products,2451734001075078126177225267298334351
as2830734001074176
well4257480010765110130150
as603748001074176
other707748001074876126171199
diagnostic934748001074969110161210260294324344386
and1348748001074190141
therapeutic1517748001072877123150193244290339368388429
procedures,1974748001075078127169213264312340384419436
continues2438748001074088138166186235283329363
to2830748001072875
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