747
PŮVODNÍ4021200011151111173233294355388
PRÁCE4435200011151111174230285
/4746200011132
ORIGINAL4804200011158118151213244306367421
PAPER5250200011151107163217278
Ultrasound436320097527198125164196241286331377
assessment8303200973870102144176208275316361388
of12353200974468
diaphragmatic13203200974564103149194221260306373412439458495
movement183132009767112150190258299344371
post22193200974591123151
selective2386320097327393134171200219258298
superior27013200973276122164191210255282
trunk3000320097275398143181
block31983200974666110148185
versus34003200973979106139183215
conventional36323200973680125163203248274294338383423442
interscalene4091320097196390130157190227267286327372413
block45213200974666110147185
in47233200971964
shoulder48043200973176121166185231272299
arthroscopy5120320097396595139166210243279323369407
|5584190011126
11565419001113676
/24868040010732
Anest25638040010752100145178207
intenziv279080400107196794136184221240282
Med.30918040010770115165181
2025;36(1):8-143291804001074487129173186230273297337354369413441480519
/38558040010731
ANESTEZIOLOGIE39528040010753112156200245290342362425467527586607651
A46248040010753
INTENZIVNÍ4698804001071978123168227276297345405426
MEDICÍNA51468040010770113173194247268327381
www.aimjournal.cz4258040010765133201214257275349367415463490539579598614654693
block42562001075068115156193
was643620010765106138
assessed80662001074173106149182215259308
utilizing11396200107487593111129164183230279
shoulder144362001073380128176194242286311
external177962001074483113154180228268287
rotation209062001072773100140167185232280
(suprascapular239562001072455101150176217250290331379427445485511
nerve)42576001074892118161203224
and67476001074188137
shoulder83576001073481129176194243286312
abduction117176001074190140186226256274321369
(axillary156476001072462101119137155195221263
nerve)185276001074891117160203223
on210076001074896
a2221760010741
three‑point228676001072876101143187215265314332379405
scale.271676001073373114132175189
A425900010753
total49390001072874100141159
score66890001073373119145187
of87190001074871
2958900010743
indicates101790001071966115132172212238280313
no134690001074895
block,145790001075069116156193211
a1683900010741
score174090001073473119145187
of194390001074871
12030900010744
indicates209090001071865114132171212238279312
paresis,241890001075090116158191208240255
which2689900010765113130170217
is425104001071951
a4921040010741
reduction550104001072769118164204233251298346
in913104001071966
force99510400107247197135176
compared1188104001074086159208248274316365
to1570104001072873
the1660104001072875119
contralateral1795104001074086134160186226244284310352378418436
arm,2248104001074166140155
and2419104001074188137
a25731040010740
score2630104001073473119145187
of2834104001074871
04251180010744
indicates488118001071966115132172212238280313
paralysis,820118001075091116157175214247264296311
which11511180010765112130169216
is1387118001071950
inability1457118001071966105154172190208235277
to1753118001072873
overcome1846118001074887129155193239312355
gravity.2221118001074974115154172199241252
A24931180010752
score2565118001073373119145187
of2771118001074871
028611180010744
indicated425132001071966114132171212238280329
a7691320010741
complete824132001074186159208227270297338
motor11771320010774121148193220
block.1411132001075069116156193211
The1636132001074291134
block1785132001075069116156193
was19931320010765106138
considered2146132001074086133165183231274300342391
successful2552132001073379119157198231263287335353
if425146001071942
the486146001072775118
sensory623146001073377124156204230272
score914146001073373119145187
was11201460010765105137
≤12761460010754
313491460010744
and1411146001074188137
the1567146001072875118
motor17041460010774121148193220
score1942146001073474119145187
was21481460010765106138
≤23051460010754
1.2377146001074455
Patients2450146001074685111129172219245279
with2748146001076583110158
failed42516000107246583101144194
block644160001074968116156194
were8621600010766108134177
excluded.1063160001074483122140187235279328344
The1431160001074291135
motor15911600010774122148194220
block1836160001075069117157194
duration2055160001074996122163189207255303
(the238216000107245097141
time2548160001072846118162
from273516000107235097170
motor4251740010774121148193220
block663174001075069116157194
onset876174001074795127171197
to1092174001072874
regaining1185174001072769118158175222240287335
full153917400107247290108
motor16661740010773121147193219
power1904174001075098162204230
with2153174001076583111158
a23301740010741
motor23901740010773121147193219
score2628174001073474119145187
of2834174001074871
2)425188001074465
was5081880010765106138
recorded.664188001072669109155181228270318333
The565202001074291134
grade723202001074975115164207
of953202001074971
hemidiaphragmatic1048202001074992165182231248287336384409449498571610636654693
movement17652020010774122161203276320367393
involvement2181202001071966104151169209251324368415441
was26452020010766106138
assessed2807202001074173425216001073374105135176223
after66021600107406189129153
30824216001074384
mins920216001077288133163
of1095216001074768
the1175216001072772113
block1300216001074966111149184
and1495216001074085132
before1638216001074991112156180220
induction1870216001071863109154191219235280325
of2207216001074768
general2287216001074889134175199237253
anesthesia2552216001074085126157183228269300316353
by425230001075087
a5332300010741
low‑frequency595230001071966129155177203244293338381427466506
(5–21122230001072465109146
MHz)12812300010770125159182
curvilinear1483230001074187111153171188204251293331356
transducer186023000107285392139170218263302343367
(Sonosite,2248230001072462109156202234251277318330
M‑Turbo,2599230001077097133173198246294306
Washington).4252440010774111143189206252299326371418437448
The894244001074290132
probe1047244001075075120168211
was12792440010765105136
placed1436244001074967106145185234
in1690244001071965
the1776244001072874116
ipsilateral191324400107196698115132170196236261301318
position2252244001074997128145171188234281
of2554244001074870
the2644244001072875117
operated2782244001074896425258001074468108133174222
shoulder,664258001073480127173190237280304314
subcostally995258001073479127166211243270309327343382
between1393258001075093119185227270316
the1726258001072874117
mid‑clavicular1860258001077390137163204221260298316354400417456480
and2357258001074187135
mid‑axillary2509258001077491138164203241258275292331355396
lines42527200107193581123154
on592272001074894
the699272001072773115
right82727200107264491136161
side,100127200107334996138150
and1164272001074187134
between1310272001075092118183225267313
the1636272001072773115
anterior1764272001074186111151176193239264
and2040272001074187134
posterior2187272001074996127154194219236282307
axillary250627200107417896112129167191232
lines275127200107193581123154
on425286001074894
the532286001072774116
left66028600107196183112
side,78528600107334996138151
and949286001074086133
directed109528600107496590130169198238286
medially,13942860010773115163179218235251289299
cephalad,1705286001074080128174213230268316329
and2047286001074086134
dorsally2193286001074995120152192209225263
to2469286001072772
obtain2554286001074795121160176222
the2789286001072874116
best425300001075093125152
imaging595300001071991130177194240288
using90130000107487996142189
B‑mode.1109300001074572145192240282295
M‑mode1423300001077097169216264307
was17483000010765105136
used1903300001074879121170
to2091300001072873
display218230000107496697144162201238
the2439300001072774116
excursion2574300001074381119165189222238284331
of425314001074870
the511314001072874117
diaphragm644314001074966104152199223263311383
along1043314001074158104151198
the1258314001072774116
selected139031400107347694136175204245293
line.169931400107193682124137
Diaphragmatic565328001075876114162209233273321392431457474512
excursion1093328001074482119165190222239285332
was14413280010765105136
calculated159332800107408097136182199237263303352
as1961328001074172
follows:204932800107247088104151214246259
„4253420010067
Complete565342001075196169216234276302343
(HDP)930342001072378134178198
=11503420010753
was12253420010765105136
defined1383342001074991113131177219268
as1672342001074173
a17663420010741
reduction1829342001072667116161200228246292339
in2189342001071965
diaphragmatic2276342001074965104152199223263311382421447464502
excursion2800342001074381565356001074086111143160206253
that839356001072874113139
exceeded999356001074482119160203251293342
75%1362356001074483146
of1529356001074870
the1621356001072874117
baseline1759356001075090121164181198244286
or2067356001074773
exhibited2161356001074482128145193210236277325
paradoxical2508356001075090114154202248284302340380397
movement.5653700010774120159200272315361386401
„4253840010067
Partial565384001074584108137154193210
=7913840010754
25861384001074486
to963384001072873
75%1052384001074483146
decrease1214384001074991130155196235266308
from153938400107234994167
the1722384001072874116
baseline.1854384001075090121164181198244286299
„4253980010067
Normal5653980010757102127198236253
(no830398001072366112
paralysis)954398001074988112151168205236252282301
=12673980010753
changes1332398001074085123168215256287
between1631398001074992117181222264310
019533980010743
and2008398001074186132
25%2153398001074384146
from231139800107234893164
the2487398001072773114
baseline.2613398001074988119160177193238280292
Complications425426001075199174225245265306348376396445495529
(e.g.,97642600107236682132149165
pneumothorax,1163426001074999144193267317345394444472514555573
hematoma1758426001074893168210238285360402
formation,2182426001072372100175217245265314363380
epidural425440001074494114165213240283303
anesthesia,750440001074089135169199249294328348389406
hoarseness,1177440001074998141168203248298343377412429
Horner’s16274400010757107135184230257276308
syndrome,1956440001073476126176204252327372388
neurological2365440001074994143170218239288339358400442462
complications,425454001074088163213234253295337365385434484518535
and981454001074190140
hand1143454001074890139190
grip135445400107497797147
weakness)15234540010765109150189240285320354376
were19214540010765110137181
assessed.2124454001074075109154189223268320337
Propofol565468001074572120171221246295315
(2908468001072468
mg/kg),9934680010774125158198247271286
fentanyl1307468001072468117145187236276296
(21631468001072468
μg/kg),1717468001074898132172221245259
and2004468001074190141
atracurium217346800107416996139180229256277325399
(0.5260046800107246884130
mg/27474680010774124158
kg)425482001073887111
were5574820010765109136180
administered758482001074191165185234253287317361389434486
to1266482001072876
induce1365482001071968120169211255
anesthesia.1643482001074191137172203253299334354396415
Following2080482001074291112132182249270320371
oral2473482001074877120141
tracheal263748200107275699142192238425496001074162
intubation,51749600107196998148200244273294344395412
anesthesia959496001074292138174205255302338358400
was13894960010766109145
maintained15644960010774117138188217260281331377429
using2024496001074883103153205
isoflurane2259496001071953104130155204233276327373
(1–2%)2662496001072466109151220243
on4255100010749101
an558510001074293
O2/air6835100010762106143184206235
mixture949510001077697140174225255301
(FiO2128151000107256991155200
=15125100010755
0.5)1598510001074664112137
and1767510001074293147
atracurium1945510001074272102147191242272294345422
(0.25239951000107247088137185
mg/kg).26055100010775128164207259284300
Targeting425524001074279107158204234254304356
an811524001074191
ETCO2932524001074289140200243
of1205524001074874
35–401309524001074488136185232
mmHg,15715240010774150209261278
the1879524001072879125
lung2034524001071969119170
was22345240010766109144
mechanically24095240010774120163213256306327369413434454496
ventilated.425538001074186136165185206248277322374392
To847538001074286
maintain9635380010774117137187216259279329
a13225380010741
bispectral1393538001075071105156203246279307351371
index1794538001071969120166208
of2032538001074874
40–50,2136538001074491141186231247
an2413538001074191
isoflurane2534538001071953104130154203232275325371
MAC4255520010770125176
was6255520010765108143
modified.7925520010774124176197222244289341359
When11755520010774125171221
the1420552001072777123
patient’s1567552001075093122143189238267288321
hemodynamic1912552001074894169220272314365407482503545
parameters2481552001074993121164240286315360388424
exceeded425566001074485126171217269315367
the813566001072777123
baseline957566001075094129175196216266312
by1290566001074990
20%,1401566001074489158177
115995660010744
μg/kg1662566001074899134175224
fentanyl1907566001072469119148191241281303
was22315660010765108143
administered.2395566001074192167188238258292323367396441492510
Glycopyrrolate425580001075677119160207259300329357406427469497541
0.01986580001074461106148
mg11525800010774124
intravenously129658000107196896125168209253303353402436457498
with1814580001076585115164
0.051998580001074461106151
mg/kg21685800010773124158199248
neostigmine2436580001074893144179209229280354375424469
were4255940010766112141186
administered642594001074193170191241262297329374403448501
to1173594001072978
alleviate128159400107426384130174195238268313
residual1624594001072773109129181231275296
neuromuscular1950594001074996146175225302352387431481502545574
blockade2555594001075072123166207252304350
following42560800107247394115165231252302353
surgery.802608001073483111161207235280294
The1120608001074193139
postoperative12836080010750101136167215267314342385414435478523
ward18306080010765108136186
was20406080010765108144
the2208608001072777123
destination2355608001074995131162182232274303324374424
for2803608001072473102
all42562200107406180
patients525622001074992120140185234262298
after84362200107406597141169
they1031622001072877122163
were12136220010764109137181
extubated.1413622001074384116165215258286330381398
Acetaminophen1831622001075292136165207281301350400451500545595
(12445622001072464
gram)2529622001074876119193216
was27646220010764107141
administered425636001074192167185232250282310351377419468
every911636001074483126151193
811226360010744
hours1184636001074896143169202
on1404636001074896
the1518636001072775118
first165463600107234268101129
postoperative1801636001075098131159204254298323364390408448491
day.2310636001074888126137
Block565650001074565113155192
quality784650001074996137156174202245
parameters1055650001075092118160233278306348375409
(intraoperative149065000107244391117144186234284329356398425444485528
hemodynamic2044650001074993167215265306355396469488528
parameters,259865000107509211816023427842566400107287097131147
intraoperative59466400107196794120162210260305332374401419461504
fentanyl1120664001072367115142183231270290
consumption,1432664001074086135168215289338366385433481497
and1951664001074189138
time2111664001072847120165
to2298664001072874
the2394664001072876121
first253766400107234369104133
call2692664001074081100119
of2833664001074872
analgesia)425678001074189130149198242276294334356
were8016780010765108135178
recorded.998678001072770111158185233277327343
Sample4257020015366130235305344403
size851702001535192150211
Sample565720001074283157209232278
size87572000107345494139
calculation1046720001074084106149200221265295316367418
was14967200010765109145
done16737200010749100151198
by1903720001074991
an2026720001074192
independent2149720001071970122169221269320372419470499
statistician268072000107336510913916119642573400107284992114157207
with660734001076587118169
a8567340010741
statistical925734001073465109139161196228249292336358
test1311734001072873109141
power14807340010749101169215244
of1752734001074874
80%,1854734001074491161181
confidence2062734001074090141167190242288339382428
interval251773400107197099144174220264286
of2831734001074874
95%425748001074489155
based602748001074993129175228
on851748001074899
a9717480010741
review1034748001072671114136182249
of1305748001074774
past1401748001074993128160
literature158274800107194071115144188218268296342
by1945748001075091
Mi2058748001077091
Geum21717480010756103153228
Lee,2421748001074085132149
et2592748001074373
al.268774800107416280
[5].278974800109257210028907480010716
A4257620010752
sample499762001073377152204226272
size79276200107345493138
of951762001074874
681046762001074491
patients‚1158762001075093123144190240269306324
divided1504762001074869112134185231283
into180976200107196898146
two1977762001072797146
groups:2145762001074877126176228264281
interscalene244776200107196998143171208251294315361412458
group425776001075079130182235
and693776001074193146
selective872776001073481104152196230252297344
superior1248776001073485138187217239291321
trunk1602776001072858110162203
group1838776001075079130182235
with2106776001076588119171
(34)2310776001072470118143
patients2486776001075095126148195247277316
in2834776001071971
each3047608001074486130180
was32596080010764109145
sufficient3435608001073383110140162205227273324353
to3819608001072878
detect3928608001074995126171215248
the4207608001072879126
clinically436460800107406183133154197242263284327
important4722608001071995147199229262307357387
difference514060800107497097127173202248299342387
between3047622001075097128198244292343
both34156220010749101131182
groups.3622622001074978128179231267287
Statistical30476460015366119183234274328381422480544585
analysis36556460015362138202244305359400454
Data3047664001075899126167
were32326640010765108135178
collected,3427664001074087107125169210241283333349
tabulated,3793664001072869119167186227254296346362
and4172664001074189139
statistically4328664001073463104131150183212231271312331350390
analyzed4735664001074189130149189228271321
using507366400107488199147196
an5287664001074189
IBM5393664001071964134
personal3047678001075096123157206256297316
computer3390678001074188163213262291334361
with3778678001076585113162
Statistical3967678001074269111138157191220239280322342
Package4335678001074687128166209259304
of4666678001074872
Social4765678001074291133152193212
Science5004678001074284103147196237280
(SPSS)5311678001072464109151192216
version3047692001074185113148166215265
203339692001074589
(SPSS,3455692001072465109152194210
Inc,3692692001071968109126
Chicago,38456920010752101120161203254303318
Illinois,41906920010720395877126175195228245
USA).4462692001075798151175189
Quantitative46786920010761110152201228248277319347366408452
data5157692001075091119161
were53456920010766111138182
presented3047706001074975117149192239265306355
in3418706001071865
the3498706001072774117
form363170600107236995168
of3815706001074770
mean,39007060010773116155201216
standard4132706001073361101148196235261308
deviation4455706001074891131149188215233279327
(SD),4797706001072462118139152
range,4964706001072767114162205218
and5198706001074087135
qualitative5348706001074895134152304772000107194788115134175218
data3285720001074990117158
were34637200010765108135178
presented3661720001074976119153197245272315365
in4045720001071967
the4132720001072876120
form427272000107237198172
of4464720001074872
numbers4555720001074996170219264291325
and4900720001074089138
percentages.5058720001074994121160202250277319368412446462
Chi‑square3187734001075097115141174222268308333375
test3578734001072768101129
(χ2)3722734001072463104125
was38627340010764104137
used4014734001074779122171
to4200734001072773
study4288734001073361108156195
the4498734001072875118
relationship463173400107266886126152170216264296342360408
between5054734001074993120186228271318
two5388734001072793139
qualitative3047748001074895135153171198239265283323366
variables.3428748001074181107125165213233276308325
Fisher376874800107415991138181207
exact3991748001074382122162191
(FE)4198748001072464103128
was43417480010764105137
used4494748001074780123172
to4682748001072773
study4771748001073361108156196
the4983748001072774118
relationship511674800107276987127153172219266298345363412
between3047762001075095123191235280328
two3402762001072895143
qualitative3572762001074997138157175204245272291333376
variables3975762001074182109128169219239283317
when43187620010765114159207
the4552762001072876121
expected4699762001074484134179221251294345
cell5070762001074083102121
count5218762001074087135184211
of5455762001074872
25%3047776001074488152
of3217776001074872
cells3307776001074083102121153
was34787760010765107140
less363677600107196397130
than3784776001072876117165
five.396777600107234384127142
Student4127776001074268116166210258285
t‑test443077600107275280122156185
was46337760010765106140
used4791776001074881125175
for498477600107237198
comparison5100776001074087161210252278298330379427
Assessed4042970073376287118143167199234
for4289970073175172
eligibility437497007330456095110145160175190210241
(n423410500731750
=4296105007336
75)43451050073316178
Excluded46201270073306087102136171202237
(n487012700731750
=4932127007336
7)498112700733149
Refuse46201350073326482117142173
to480613500731953
participate48721350073346485107122150165200230250281
Enrollment32891010081337194131148165222256295318
Allocated32431880073375267101129159180211246
to350218800732053
ISB35681880073144578
group36581880073345488122158
(n382818800731750
=3891188007335
34)39391880073316380
Allocated45471880073375267101129159180211246
to480618800732053
STB48721880073296195
group49791880073345488122158
(n514918800731750
=5212188007335
34)52601880073316380
Analysed470523300733771101116145170201237
(n495523300731749
=5017233007336
34)50652330073316380
Analysed339023300733771101116145170201237
(n364023300731749
=3702233007336
34)37502330073316380
Analysis393620800733771101116145170185209
for41582080073185272
participants42432080073346585108122150165200230265285311
who456620800734479113
underwent402621600733367102134154201232266287
operation432521600733369100121151172187221255
Randomised40671540073326297132166217232256288323
(n440315400731750
=4465154007336
68)45141540073316380
Fig.304760001255687137164
1.322760001255478
CONSORT3350610010748103159196253297336
Flow370261001073956101164
Diagram388261001075675120165191234305
Fig.3048272001255687137164
2.3228272001255481
Mean33532740010768106152198
pulse3567274001074591110139177
rate376027400107266894131
of3907274001074568
studied3991274001073157103148166204250
groups4257274001074571115161206236
ISB38523040060113460
group3923304006027437098126
mean40603040060426790118
STB43903040060234773
group4471304006027426895123
mean46023040060406587114
10031713270060254874
90319433500602551
80319534300602550
70319635200602549
60319536000602550
50319536800602550
40319437600602551
30319538500602550
20319539300602550
10319740100602548
03220409006025
PRE34214140060255175
AFTER3699415004823426382103
BLOCK3811415004820386588109
AFTER4115415004823426382103
INDUCTION406941900488346186110130140167194
AT445741500482340
SKIN4506415004818384874
INCISION4445419004883458678594121148
AFTER4815415004823426382103
30480941900482039
MIN48574190048314066
AT512641500482340
THE51754150048194564
END52484150048184471
Fig.3047431001255687137164
3.3227431001255479
Mean33514330010768106152198
blood3565433001074564109155201
pressure3783433001074571108139169213239275
of4075433001074568
studied4159433001073157103148166204250
groups4425433001074571115161206236
ISB37994670060113460
group3868467006028437098126
(N400446700601346
=4059467006030
34)40994670060245063
Mean41714670060406589116
STB44484670060234773
group4530467006027426895123
(N466246700601344
=4715467006030
34)47534670060255062
Mean48234670060396486113
90313548100602551
80313549200602550
70313750200602549
60313551300602550
50313652400602550
40313553500602551
30313654500602550
20313655600602550
10313856700602548
03161577006025
PRE33715840060255175
AFTER3664584004823426382103
BLOCK3776584004820386588109
AFTER3986584004823426382103
INDUCTION409858400488346086109130139167193
AFTER4775584004823426382103
30488758400481939
MIN49355840048314066
AT515158400482340
THE52005840048194564
END52735840048184471
AT445758400482340
SKIN4506584004818384874
INCISION4445588004883458678594121148